So basically
Mitochondria make ATP (not really a part of cellular respiration but ATP is a big part of it)
ATP is like, the energy for pretty much everything. It's the "universal energy molecule".
Also, the energy molecules in cellular respiration are divided into two parts. High energy molecules and low energy molecules.
Low Energy
(side note: to me, the "+" on the low energy molecules is kind of off putting because "+" is associated with something positive/higher. Just remember that NAD+ is deceiving, the "+" does not mean high energy in this case)
High Energy
(for me, these are the most difficult things to remember. I'm not sure if you'll be tested on them or if you'll even learn them, but due to how fucking boring and uninteresting they are, it can be difficult to get down, at least for me.
now, here are my exact notes I took on Cellular Respiration. If you want, I could put them into a quizlet and link it to you, I seriously recommend using quizlet for this, they really help me especially when I'm cramming.
also I couldn't find the notes where I converted everything into my own words. I probably titled it something really fucking weird and can't remember what it was so I can't find it, sorry…)
Cellular Energy
- All life requires the use of energy
- Many organisms obtain their energy from eating other organisms
- Autotroph: makes their own food
- Heterotroph: eats other organisms for food
ATP
- ATP is the universal energy molecule
- Used to power most of your bodily functions
- Muscle contraction
- Build up of Na/K gradients
High Energy vs Low Energy
High Energy
Low Energy
Cellular Respiration
- The process of taking high energy molecules and slowly releasing the energy stored in the chemical bonds
- Remember non polar covalent bonds have the most stored energy
- Glucose has 5 non polar covalent bonds holding the carbons together
Why Slowly?
- To collect as much energy as possible
Cellular Respiration
Three main Steps
- Glycolysis
- Krebs Cycle
-
Electron Transport Chain
- First Step: Glycolysis
- High energy in
- 2 ATP
- High energy out
- 2 NADH
- 4 ATP
- Happens in cytoplasm
Second Step: Krebs Cycle
- Pyruvate is converted into Carbon Dioxide
- Lots of NADHs are made (8 NADH)
- Happens in Mitochondria
Third Step: Oxidative Phosphorylation
- Takes NADH and builds a H+ gradient
- Uses gradient to power ATP synthase